Lyme Disease

An inflammatory disease caused by bacteria usually transmitted to humans through the bite of an infested tick.  It is the most common tick borne disease in the United States , also appearing in Europe, China , Japan , Australia , and the former Soviet Union .  Risk factors include walking unprotected in high grass and wooded areas in the spring, summer, and early fall, or having a pet that can carry ticks home.  Symptoms include a characteristic red rash at the site of the bite which looks like an expanding red ring with alternating light and dark rings which appears within the first few days or weeks.  Flu like symptoms may appear, including headache, fever, sore throat, stiff neck, sore muscles, fatigue, and general malaise.  Some people develop these symptoms without the rash.  There may be a flat or slightly raised lesion at the site of the bite.  If not treated, these symptoms may eventually disappear and are followed by joint inflammation (arthritis), neurological symptoms, and heart, eye, respiratory, and gastrointestinal issues.   For people living in high risk areas, it is recommended to check the body thoroughly every day to check for attached ticks and have them properly removed to help prevent serious complications.  If Lyme disease is suspected, a blood test may confirm the diagnosis, and treatment should begin as quickly as possible.  Early treatment with antibiotics such as doxycycline can prevent the disease.  If complications do develop, anti-inflammatory drugs may relieve joint pain and stiffness. Intravenous drugs may be necessary for more complicated cases.