Leprosy

A chronic bacterial infection that most commonly causes skin lesions and nerve damage, usually in the limbs and face.  It typically starts as a localized area of flat skin discoloration.  This often resolves by itself.  However, in a number of patients, it can spread o other area of the body, and progresses to elevated or nodular lesions.  The color is usually red, but it can lack pigment.  It can invade the nasal and laryngeal mucosa, resulting in cartilage erosion and perforation.  It can also affect nerves, typically those close to the surface of the skin.  These nerves often enlarge and can be palpated.  This can cause progressive impairment in sensation and motor strength.  In severe cases, the nerves of the eyes can be affected, leading to blindness.  This chronic condition is rarely fatal, but can lead to severe disfigurement and disability.  Treatment is by multiple drugs for a minimum of 6-12 months.